Kamis, 16 Mei 2024

Basic Construction of Sharia Economic Law Based on Ushul Fiqh Asy-Syafi'i

(Critical Analysis of the Book of Ar-Risalah)

 

Imam Shafi'i was the first to have the latest ideas and ideas of his time regarding the method of extracting Islamic law (Takhrij al-Ahkam), which was systematically poured into a paper entitled Ar-Risalah (letter). This bookkeeping effort was in line with the development of Islamic science at that time. The development of this science occurred during the time of Harun Al-Rashid and culminated in the time of Al-Ma'mun. The birth of the book of Ar-Risalah was the initial phase of the development of ushul fiqh science as a scientific discipline. So this book became the main reference for USHUL experts in the later period in compiling similar works. In the book ar-Risalah, it is found that ash-Shafi'i does not mention the name of his book, and does not even give its own theme to a number of important studies that came to be known as ushul fiqh, he wrote in a broader framework, namely: Kehujjahan as-Sunnah. Ar-Risale is just a treatise written by ash-Shafi'i at the request of al-Mahdi. This Ar-Risale still contains material that is not actually ushul Fiqh, the discussion of ushul fiqh is concentrated on As-Sunnah, Ijma', and Qiya which are solely to deny istihsan. The style of thinking and the factors that intervene in the method of istinbat ash-Shafi'i are commensurate with his educational background, he is one of the Imams of Ahlu as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah, who in his fiqhiyyah branch sided with two groups, namely ahlu al-Hadith and ahlu ar-Ra'yi (tawasuth). These two capacities of moderate thinking are what make Ash-Syafi'i so beloved and accepted by the majority of the world's Muslims, especially in Indonesia.

 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSCENDENTALISM OF SHARIA ECONOMIC LAW

The transcendentality of philosophy as a radical and comprehensive way of thinking, namely exploring something deeply through the basics of ontological, epistemological, and axiological studies. Islamic legal philosophy is the main law that regulates economic, political, cultural and other social issues. Sharia economic law philosophy is essentially a scientific building on Islamic economic concepts in a comprehensive manner (al-'ilmu al-iqtishādi fi al-Islām). And scholarship that studies sharia laws that apply in society (an-nizhām al-iqtishādi fi al-Islām). The basic principles of sharia economic law include: divinity (Ilahiyah), justice (al-'Ada), trust (al-amanah), freedom (al-hurriyah), permissibility (Al-Ibahah), convenience (Al-Taisir), certainty law (al-yaqin), expediency and benefit (al-manafi wal mashalih). The essence of justice is a balance above moral values. The discovery of the ideal value of justice, then the balance of the interests of mankind both legal certainty, welfare, happiness, education can be achieved. The nature of the maker of sharia is understood in the context of God's absolute power and will, namely to realize the goodness of life in the hereafter, based on the interests of dhahuriyyat, hajiyyat and tahsiniyat. The factors causing the tendency towards sharia economics include: financial literacy, trust, location selection, profit sharing and perceptions of profit sharing, as well as implementative awareness of faith and piety.

 JUAL BELI EMAS TIDAK TUNAI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH

Emas dewasa ini tidak hanya disenangi sebagai perhiasan para wanita namun juga sebagai wahana saving yang menjanjikan. Dalam praktiknya, karena antusiasme masyarakat terhadap investasi emas, transaksi jual beli emas telah bergeser dari tunai menjadi nontunai. Adanya jual beli emas secara nontunai ini melahirkan pertanyaan di masyarakat terkait dengan hukum halal dan haramnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan yuridis tekstual, yakni mengkaji persoalan dalam kerangka norma yang ada berdasarkan teks yang bersumber dari hukum Islam dan regulasi pemerintah serta teks lain yang relevan dengan kajian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua pandangan tentang jual beli emas secara nontunai menurut hukum fikih. Pandangan pertama adalah haram, yang merupakan pandangan sebagian besar ulama (mazhab Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi’i, dan Hambali). Pandangan kedua adalah mubah, yang merupakan pandangan Ibnu Taimiyah dan Ibnu Qayyim al-Jauziyah.

Senin, 27 April 2020

Manajemen Pembinaan Akhlak

Indonesia kini tengah berada dalam kondisi krisis dan dekadensi moral. Terjadinya kerusakan atau kemerosotan moral di Indonesia disebabkan karena proses pembelajaran yang mengajarkan moral dan budi pekerti hanya sebatas teks dan kurang mempersiapkan generasi penerus untuk menyikapi dan menghadapi kehidupan yang cenderung kontradiktif. Seharusnya, moral dan budi pekerti merupakan sebuah pedoman hidup dan perisai yang dapat menghalangi seseorang dari pengaruh buruk yang ada  di sekitar. Selain berpegang pada moral dan budi pekerti, hal lain yang harus dimiliki adalah karakter. Karakter dapat dikatakan sebagai penggabungan dari watak, tabiat, akhlak, ataupun kepribadian seseorang yang terbentuk dari hasil internalisasi berbagai kebijakan yang diyakini dan digunakan sebagai landasan untuk cara pandang, berpikir, bersikap, dan bertindak.
Karakter adalah suatu hal yang amat mendasar dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, lunturnya karakter suatu bangsa dapat menyebabkan hilangnya generasi penerus bangsa yang gemilang.............https://www.academia.edu/42870125/MANAJEMEN_PEMBINAAN_AKHLAK





Basic Construction of Sharia Economic Law Based on Ushul Fiqh Asy-Syafi'i (Critical Analysis of the Book of Ar-Risalah)   Imam Sha...